Equalized fluid pump



Jan. 6, 1959 w. H. PORTER EQUALIZED FLUID PUMP Filed Dec. 22, 1955 IN V EN TOR.

v z m m a w 0 A PM r M v UB u w [Lab Claims. (Cl. 103-183) This invention relates to improvements in pumps, and ore particularly to a pump of the type having an oscillating driving member, which pumps fluid responsive to oscillation of 'the driving member in either direction, and which is provided with means to equalize the amount of force required on the driving member for both directions of oscillation of said driving member.

A main object of the invention is to provide a novel and improved pump of the type having an oscillating operating member, said pump having means to equalize the amount of force required on the operating member thereof for the opposite movements of said operating member, the improved pump being simple in construction, being efiicient in action, and being arranged so that fluid may be lifted to a substantial height without requiring any considerable amount of additional force applied to the operating member of the pump.

A further object of the invention is to provide an improved pump of the type having an oscillating operating lever arranged to pump fluid in both directions of oscillation of the lever, said pump being relatively inexpensive to manufacture, being durable in construction, and being provided with automatic means for equalizing the amount of force required on its operating lever for the opposite strokes of the piston elements of the pump.

Further objects and advantages of the invention will become apparent from the following description and claims, and from the accompanying drawings, wherein:

Figure 1 is a front elevational view, partly in vertical cross section, showing an improved pump constructed in accordance with the present invention.

Figure 2 is a vertical cross sectional view taken on the line 22 of Figure 1.

Figure 3 is an enlarged horizontal cross sectional view taken on the line 33 of Figure 1.

Figure 4 is an enlarged horizontal cross sectional view taken on the line 4-4 of Figure 1.

Figure 5 is an enlarged vertical cross sectional detail view taken on the line 55 of Figure 1.

Figure 6 is an enlarged horizontal cross sectional view taken on the line 66 of Figure 1.

Referring to the drawings, the improved equalized pump is designated generally at 11 and comprises a pair of stationary vertical cylinders 12 and 13 which are mounted in any suitable manner below a horizontal support 14, as illustrated. The cylinder 12 is provided at its lower end with a fluid intake conduit 15 having the' upwardly opening flap valve 16 in its bottom end, arranged to open in response to suction developed in the conduit 15, to admit liquid into said conduit from below. Similarly, the cylinder 13 is provided at its bottom end with an intake conduit 17 provided with the upwardly opening flap valve 18 which is normally closed and which is arranged to open in response to the development of suction in conduit 17, to admit liquid into said conduit.

The top portions of thecylinders-IZ and 13 are connected together, as. by a horizontal cross conduit 19, the top portion of the cylinder 13being, connected to a. discharge conduit 20.

, pins being spaced above the The respective cylinders 12 and 13 are provided with respective pistons, designated generally at 21 and 22. Thus, the piston 21 comprises an annular main body portion disposed between the upper extension 23 of con-' duit and the inside wall surface of cylinder 12, the piston 21 being provided with suitable sealing means to provide a slidable sealing contact with the members 23 and 12. The bottom end of cylinder 12 is vented'to atmosphere by the ports 24, and the bottom end of the cylinder 13 is similarly vented to atmosphere by the ports 25.

The piston 21 is provided with a vertical piston rod 26 which is rigidly connected to the annular main body of the piston, as by the brace rod elements 27 overlying and spaced a substantial distance above the top end of the conduit extension 23'. The piston rod 26 extends downwardly andaxially through the extension 23 and has secured to its bottom end a smaller piston member 28 which slidably and sealingly engages inside the inlet conduit 15. The piston element 28 is provided with vertical ports 29 and with a vertically movable valve washer 30 which normally covers the top ends of the ports 29, but.

which is elevated responsive to downward movement of the piston element 28 to allow liquid to-pass through the vertical ports 29 when the piston element 28 is moved downwardly in the conduit 15. Upward movement of the washer 30 is limited by the provision of a transversely extending pin 31 in the piston rod 26.

A similar washer valve 32 is slidably engaged on the piston rod immediately above a centrally apertured horizontal partition wall 33 provided in conduit 15.

Upward movement of the valve washer 32 in the conduit 15 is limited by the provision of internally projecting stop pins 34 provided in the conduit 15, said stop partition member 33, as is clearly shown in Figure l.

The cylinder 13 is provided. in its intake conduit element 1'7 with a small piston 23 and with valve structure associated with said piston similar to that above described in connection with the piston 28 of the conduit 15.

It will be readily apparent that when the piston 21 moves downwardly the valve structure in the conduit 15 opens to allow liquid to move upwardly into the conduit extension 23, and that when the piston 21 moves upwardly the aforesaid valve structure closes, whereby the liquid is lifted vertically in cylinder 12 and is delivered through conduit 19 and through the upper portion of cylinder 13 to the discharge conduit 20. The same action takes place in the cylinder 13, in alternate sequence with that occurring in the cylinder 12, by structure presently to be described.

Mounted on the support 14 is the upstanding support element 35 located substantially midway between the piston rods associated with the respective cylinders 12 and 13, said rods being shown at 26 and 26. Pivotally connected at'36 to the intermediate portion of the upstanding support element 35 is a lever 37, said lever having pivotally connected thereto respective arms 38 and 39, the pivotal connections dtl' and 41 of said arms to the lever 37 being spaced equal distances on opposite sides of the pivot connection 36. The top ends of the arms 38 and 35* are connected by a link bar 40.,

Arm 33 is provided at its lower portion with the horizontally extending bar element 42 provided at respective points spaced from the pivot connection 41? with respective abutment pins 43and 44. Pivotally connected at 45 to the top end of piston rod 26 is a substantially vertical link bar 46, said link bar being formed with a first upstanding arm 47 and with a second upstanding arm 48 spaced from the arm 47' and being located a substantial distance further from the pivot connection 36 of lever 37 than the upstanding arm 47', as is clearly shownin Figure 1. Arm 48 is formed with an inwardly directed Patented. Jan. 6, 1959:

36, and arm 47 is formed with a similar inwardly directed notch 50 engageable with the pin 43 when the link member 46- nection '36.

Arm 47 is 'formed with a first cam lug '52 engageable with a pin 53 on the lower portion of support element 35 when the piston 21 reaches its lowermost position in the cylinder 12, to oscillate the link member 46 away. ,from the pivot connection36, and to cause notch 5%? to interengage with the pin 43.- The top end of arm 46 is formed "with a cam element- 54 engageable with a pin 55 i on .the' top portion of the support element tooscillate the link bar 46 toward the pivot connection when the piston 21 reachesithe uppermostposition thereof" in the cylinder '12, to causerrotchi ii to disengage is oscillated away from the pivot con- I notch 49 engageable with the pin 44 when the lever 46 i is oscillated in a direction toward the pivot connection from ..pin and to cause notch 49 engagewith v v I u 77 i I a. i a V 'Pivotally c'onnected'to thetop-end ofipiston'rod 26' of th'e' cylinder 13 is a substantially vertical link member I 461 similar to the :link member 46 and having spaced upstandin'g arms 47 and 48',-the link members 46 and 4.6

being substantially symmetrically arranged relative to the pivot connection 36 when lever 37 is horizontal. Arm

47; has the notch 50 interengageable with a pin 43' on oscillate the link 46' away from'pivot connection 36.-

when piston 221reaches its lowermost position in cylinder 13, and the top end of arm 47' is provided with a cam element 54' engageable with a pin on the support element 35 to oscillate link member 46' toward the pivot connection 36 when piston 2 2jreaches its uppermostposition in the cylinder 13.

Since the members 38 and 39 are linked together by the link 40, the members 42 and 42' remain parallel at all times. As piston 21 reaches its uppermost position, piston 22 reaches its lowermost position, whereby link memberl-ti is oscillated toward the pivot connection 36, causing notch 49 to engage with pin 44, and link 46' is oscillated away from the pivot connection .36, causing notch 50"to engage with pin 43'. Thus, for the followingdownward stroke of piston 21 and upward stroke of piston 22,;the major portion of the upward force applied toftheihandlefillr of the lever 37 is employed to lift the liquid in cylinder 13, and only a small portion of said force is applied to the piston rod 26 to depress the piston 21in cylinder 12. Similarly, when piston 21 reaches its lowermost position and piston 22 reaches its uppermost position, link 46 is oscillated away from pivot connection 36 and link 46' is oscillated toward pivot connection 36, whereby notch 43 engages with pin 50 and notch 44 engages with pin 49' Thus, in the ensuing downward stroke of the handle 60, due to the symmetry of the linkage elements relative to the pivot connection 36 of the lever 37, substantially the same force is required to be applied downwardly on the handle as was previously required to elevate the handle, and substantially thesame' distribution of the force takes place, a

major portion of the force applied to the lever being employed to lift the liquid in cylinder 12 and only a small proportionof this force being employed to lower the piston 22 in the cylinder 13.

that the force required to raise and lower the handle 64) of lever 37 is substantially equalized by the operation of the above described linkage, and that uniform flow is provided fromthe conduit 20 regardless of which direction the lever 37 is oscillated.

- While a specific embodiment of an improved pump has r 4 been disclosed in the foregoing description, it will be understood that various modifications within the spirit of the invention may occur to those skilled in the art. Therefore, it is intended that no limitations be placed 7 on the invention except as defined by the scope of the appended claims.

What is claimed is:

1. In a pump, a stationarywertical cylinder having fluid intake means at its lower end and fluid discharge means at its upper end, a piston in saidwylinder, said piston having a piston rod connected thereto, valve means in said piston formed and arranged to open when the piston is moved downwardly'and to close when the piston is moved upwardly in the cylinder, 'a' support, a lever V pivoted to said support, and means for'reciprocating the 7 piston responsive to oscillation of the lever, said means including a link member pivotally connected to said piston rod for movement toward and away from the pivot "connection of said lever, a first upstanding arm on the link member and located relatively close to said pivot connection, a'second upstanding arm on the link member located relatively far from saidpivot connection, a first projection on said support, a first cam 'element'on said link member engageable'with said projection when the piston reaches its lowermost position in the cylin'der, means drivingly connecting the first upstanding arm to the lever responsive to the engagement of said cam ele ment with saidprojection, a second projection on said support, a second cam element on'said link member engageable with said second projection when the. piston reaches its uppermost position in the cylinder, and means drivingly connecting the second upstanding arm to the lever.in place of-the first arm responsive'to the engagement'of said second cam element with said second projection. V I V I a 2; In a pump, a stationary vertical cylinder having fluid intake means at its lower end and fluid discharge means at its upper end, a piston in said cylinder, said piston having a piston rod connected thereto, valve means a in said piston formed and arranged to openwhenthe piston is moved downwardly and to close when the piston is' moved-upwardly in the cylinder a support, a: lever pivotedto said support, and means for reciprocating the piston responsive tooscillation of the leversaid meansincluding a link member pivotally connected to said piston rod for movement toward andaway from the pivot connection of said lever, a first upstanding arr n; I rigidly connected to the link member and located.rela;

'tively close to said pivot connection, a second upstanding arm rigidly connected to the link member parallel to the. first arm and located relatively far from said pivot connection, a first transverse projection on the lower portion of said support, a first cam element on said link member and having an inclined bottom edge engageable with said projection to rotate said link member outwardly when the piston reaches its lowermost position'in the cylinder, means drivingly connecting said first upstanding arm to the lever responsive to the outward rotation of said link member, a second tranverse projection on the upper portion of said support, a second cam element on said link member having an inclined top edge engageable with said second projection to rotate thelinkj memberinwardly when the piston reaches its uppermost positionin the cylinder, and means drivinglyconnecting the second up- 'standing arm to the lever iinplace of'the first arm responsive;to the inward rotation of said link member. 13, In a pump, a stationary vertical cylinder having fluid I 'intake, means at its lower end and fiuiddischarge means j 'From the above discussion, it will be readily apparent ,to said support; and means for reciprocating the piston responsive to oscillation ofthe lever, said means including a link member pivotally connected to said piston rod for movement toward and away from the pivot connection of said lever, a first upstanding arm rigidly connected to the link member and located relatively close to said pivot connection, a second upstanding arm rigidly connected to the link member parallel to the first arm and located relatively far from said pivot connection, a first transverse projection on the lower portion of said support, a first cam element on the lower portion of said link member having an inclined bottom edge engageable with said projection to rotate said link member outwardly and away from said support when the piston reaches its lowermost position in the cylinder, means drivingly connecting said first upstanding arm to the lever responsive to the outward rotation of said link member, a second transverse projection on the upper portion of said support, a second cam element on the top end of said link member having an inclined top edge engageable with said second projection to rotate the link member inwardly and toward the support when the piston reaches its uppermost position in the cylinder, and means drivingly connecting the second upstanding arm to the lever in place of the first arm responsive to the inward rotation of said link member.

4. In a pump, a pair of stationary vertical cylinders,

each having fluid intake means at its lower end and fluid discharge means at its upper end, respective pistons in the cylinders, said pistons having piston rods connected thereto, valve means in the pistons formed and arranged to open when the pistons move downwardly and to close when the pistons move upwardly, a support, a lever pivoted to said support at a point located substantially midway between the axes of the cylinders, respective link members pivotally connected to the piston rods, means drivingly connecting the link members to respective portions of the lever on opposite sides of the pivot connection and being formed and arranged to move the pistons in opposite directions in their cylinders responsive to oscillation of the lever in either direction, each link member being mounted for oscillation toward and away from the pivot connection, said last named means including a pair of upstanding arms on each link member spaced from the pivot connection, one arm being relatively close to the pivot connection and the other arm being relatively far from the pivot connection, respective transverse projections on the lower portions of the opposite sides of the support, respective cam elements on the lower portions of the link members engageable with said projections and formed and arranged to rotate each link member outwardly when its associated piston reaches its lowermost position, means drivingly connecting the upstanding arm of each link member nearest the pivot connection to the lever when the link member is rotated outwardly, respective transverse projections on the opposite sides of the upper portion of the support, respective further cam elements on the upper portions of the link members engageable with said last-named projections and formed and arranged to rotate each link member inwardly when its associated piston reaches its uppermost position, and means drivingly connecting the upstanding arm of each link member furthest from the pivot'connection to the lever responsive to inward rotation of the link member. I

5. In a pump, a pair of stationary vertical cylinders, each having fluid intake means at its lower end and fluid discharge means at its upper end, respective pistons in the cylinders, said pistons having piston rods connected thereto, valve means in the pistons formed and arranged to open when the pistons move downwardly and to close when the pistons move upwardly, a support, a lever pivoted to said support at a point located substantially midway between the axes of the cylinders, respective substantially vertical link members symmetrically arranged relative to the pivot connection of the lever and pivotally connected to the piston rods, means drivingly connecting the link members to respective portions of the lever on opposite sides of the pivot connection and being formed and arranged to move the pistons in opposite directions in their cylinders responsive to oscillation of the lever in either direction, each link member being mounted for oscillation in the common vertical plane of the link members toward and away from the pivot connection, said last named means including a pair of upstanding arms on each link member spaced at different horizontal distances from the pivot connection, one arm being relatively close to the pivot connection and the other arm being relatively far from the pivot connection, respective transverse projections on the lower portions of the opposite sides of the support, respective cam elements on the lower portions of the link members engageable with said projections and formed and arranged to rotate each link member outwardly when its associated piston reaches its lowermost position, means drivingly connecting the upstanding arm of each link member nearest the pivot connection to the lever when the link member is rotated outwardly, respective transverse projections on the opposite sides of the upper portion of the support, respective further cam elements on the upper portions of the link members engageable with said last-named projections and formed and arranged to rotate each link member inwardly when its associated piston reaches its uppermost position, and means drivingly connecting the upstanding arm of each link member furthest from the pivot connection to the lever responsive to inward rotation of the link member.

References Cited in the file of this patent UNITED STATES PATENTS 2,744,468 Porter May 8, 1956 

